System Safety & Reliability - System-level tradeoff -- do you trust HW & SW with people's lives? - Mission-critical systems use redundancy, and are trusted with lives - Some safety-critical systems use electromechanical backups - Some systems can indirectly cause damage/injury - The software problem -- software can invite complexity; complexity invites problems - Traditional fix is use hardware instead of software -- The SYMBOL project suggests this doesn't work Design Challenges: - Cheaply available systems from unreliable components - Reliable software