Link to this page: https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/SafeEnough/
If a link is dead, try it through the Wayback Machine here:https://archive.org/
Koopman, P., How Safe Is Safe Enough? Measuring and Predicting Autonomous
Vehicle Safety, September 2022.
ISBN: 9798846251243 Trade Paperback
ISBN: 9798848273397 Hardcover
One hour video overview of the book:
Slides |
YouTube |
Archive.org
Footnote Pointers:
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- https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/38381
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https://www.ri.cmu.edu/pub_files/pub2/thorpe_charles_1997_1/thorpe_charles_1997_1.pdf
-
https://path.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/demo97foravs17v6.pdf
- https://www.nrec.ri.cmu.edu/
- https://youtu.be/DKHa7rxkvK8
-
https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/pubs/Koopman19_WAISE_UL4600.pdf
- https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/ul4600/index.html
- https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/lectures/index.html#av
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- https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/ul4600/index.html
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- https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/vehicle-industry-services/autonomous-vehicles/autonomous-vehicle-collision-reports/
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- https://unece.org/transport/documents/2021/03/standards/un-regulation-no-157-automated-lane-keeping-systems-alks
- https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/ul4600/index.html
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- https://lizadixon.com/Autonowashing
- https://www.sae.org/standards/content/j3016_202104/
- https://youtu.be/Kykb75_41hY
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- https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/j3016/
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-
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3969214
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- https://www.sae.org/blog/sae-j3016-update
- https://www.sae.org/news/2020/12/rise-of-sae-level-2
- https://www.consumerreports.org/autonomous-driving/cr-engineers-show-tesla-will-drive-with-no-one-in-drivers-seat/
- https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0018720818788164
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- https://unece.org/transport/documents/2021/03/standards/un-regulation-no-157-automated-lane-keeping-systems-alks
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- https://www.southampton.ac.uk/news/2017/01/driverless-cars.page
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mode_(user_interface)#Mode_errors
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- https://usa.streetsblog.org/2022/02/15/the-brake-why-theres-no-such-thing-as-a-car-accident/
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sense_Plan_Act
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-
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receiver_operating_characteristic
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-score
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_orbital
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-
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confusion_matrix
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning
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- https://exchange.aaa.com/safety/aaa-school-safety-patrol/
-
https://www.adn.com/voices/article/recalling-alaskas-most-notorious-drunken-moose-street-smart-buzzwinkle/2013/09/10/
- https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/Pages/HWY22MH003.aspx
-
https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/28/us/bus-sinkhole-pittsburgh-trnd/index.html
-
https://www.usatoday.com/videos/news/nation/2012/12/20/1782791/
- https://www.huffpost.com/entry/oregon-slime-eels-truck-crash_n_596845e1e4b03389bb164e65
BONUS:
The
Great Vacaville Tomato Spill and
Alfredo
Sause is Everywhere -- You Can Smell It!
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy-tailed_distribution
- https://youtu.be/VZpdUL5p4a4
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- https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/trafficandcommuting/a-traffic-incident-leads-to-robot-shuttles-being-ordered-to-stop-hauling-passengers/2020/02/29/db6bec64-5981-11ea-9b35-def5a027d470_story.html
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jagoff
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- For a practical illustration, see this short video:
https://youtu.be/cOYRGZECuL0
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_Pogo
- https://99percentinvisible.org/article/red-white-sometimes-blue-how-safety-shaped-the-octagonal-stop-sign/
- https://xkcd.com/1838/
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- --
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- https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/lightning/victimdata.html
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-
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.455.4506&rep=rep1&type=pdf
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALARP
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-
https://www.hse.gov.uk/managing/theory/alarpglance.htm
-
https://www.weather.gov/safety/lightning-fatalities20
- https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/accidental-injury.htm
- https://visionzeronetwork.org/
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- https://youtu.be/N9Yq_K0Y9gk
- https://www.baua.de/EN/Topics/Safe-use-of-chemicals-and-products/Product-safety/Market-surveillance/Rapex.html
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- https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=15*350*30*10000
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_Safety_Integrity_Level#Comparison_with_Other_Hazard_Level_Standards
- https://youtu.be/gDsolNq2sEk?t=332
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_26262#Part_9:_Automotive_Safety_Integrity_Level_(ASIL)-oriented_and_safety-oriented_analysis
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- https://www.automotivesafetycouncil.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/2019-Fatality-Report-Overview-of-Motor-Vehicle-Crashes-in-2019.pdf
- https://www.iihs.org/topics/fatality-statistics/detail/state-by-state%C2%A0
- https://engrxiv.org/preprint/view/1973/3986
- https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/813266
- https://usa.streetsblog.org/2016/05/31/3-graphs-that-explain-why-20-mph-should-be-the-limit-on-city-streets/
- https://www.wired.com/story/self-driving-car-crashes-rear-endings-why-charts-statistics/
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- https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/30/us/pennsylvania-crash-snow-squall.html
- https://www.bts.gov/content/average-age-automobiles-and-trucks-operation-united-states
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- https://www.nhtsa.gov/press-releases/nhtsa-announces-update-historic-aeb-commitment-20-automakers
- https://www.consumerreports.org/car-safety/automatic-emergency-braking-struggle-to-stop-for-pedestrians-a9924685047/
- https://www.euroncap.com/en/vehicle-safety/the-ratings-explained/vulnerable-road-user-vru-protection/
- https://www.iihs.org/news/detail/study-shows-front-crash-prevention-works-for-large-trucks-too
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- https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/road-traffic-injuries
- https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1996-11-07-1996312009-story.html
- https://www.wired.com/story/criminologist-uber-crime-report-highly-alarming/
https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/10/22/lyft-safety-report/
- https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/rcl/2022/RCLRPT-22V037-4462.PDF
- https://www.npr.org/2022/01/18/1073857310/tesla-autopilot-crash-charges
- https://www.wired.com/story/cruise-fire-truck-block-san-francisco-autonomous-vehicles/
- https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR2662.html
- https://www.thestar.com/business/2014/04/07/why_ups_said_no_to_left_turns.html
https://www.npr.org/2015/05/25/409531218/left-turns-cause-a-quarter-of-all-pedestrian-crashes-in-u-s
- https://www.mobileye.com/responsibility-sensitive-safety/
- https://thehill.com/policy/technology/542222-waymo-says-their-autonomous-car-ai-would-avoid-fatal-human-crashes/
- https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/pre-crash_scenario_typology-final_pdf_version_5-2-07.pdf
- https://blog.waymo.com/2021/03/replaying-real-life.html
- https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1478.html
- https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/813266
- https://reliabilityanalyticstoolkit.appspot.com/mtbf_test_calculator
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Change_management_(engineering)
- https://www.nhtsa.gov/laws-regulations/standing-general-order-crash-reporting
- https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/vehicle-industry-services/autonomous-vehicles/disengagement-reports/
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- --
- https://ecori.org/2019-8-2-little-roady-shuttle-reaches-milestone-hits-speedbumps/
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- --
- https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-06-24/driverless-cars-in-australia-face-challenge-of-roo-problem/8574816
- https://www.anthrocon.org/
- --
- https://ftw.usatoday.com/2015/04/morgantown-bans-outdoor-furniture-west-virginia-fans-fires
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_26262
- https://www.iso.org/standard/77490.html
- https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/ul4600/index.html
- https://www.sae.org/standards/content/j3018_202012/
- https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO/SAE_21434
- https://www.iso.org/standard/81920.html
- https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/2846/10831/
- https://www.sae.org/standards/content/avsc00007202107/
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- https://www.senatorlangerholc.com/2022/01/05/langerholc-introduces-legislation-to-create-a-roadmap-for-highly-automated-vehicles/
https://youtu.be/ewULUNDBZO4
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- https://www.nhtsa.gov/automated-driving-systems/voluntary-safety-self-assessment
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_61508
- https://webstore.ansi.org/Standards/DOD/MILSTD882E
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- https://www.dstan.mod.uk/StanMIS/indexes/DefenceStandards
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- https://www.nhtsa.gov/laws-regulations/fmvss
- https://techcrunch.com/2022/03/10/nhtsa-first-autonomous-vehicle-occupant-safety-standards/
- https://www.nhtsa.gov/ratings
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_NCAP
- https://www.marklines.com/en/report_all/rep1657_201712
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_management
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- https://hbr.org/2021/05/why-start-ups-fail
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-
https://www.transportation.gov/office-policy/transportation-policy/revised-departmental-guidance-on-valuation-of-a-statistical-life-in-economic-analysis
- https://www.beasleyallen.com/wp-content/uploads/toyota-sua-jury-verdict-form-schwarz.pdf
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- https://www.autosafety.org/wp-content/uploads/import/phpq3mJ7F_FordMemo.pdf
- https://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/toyota-pay-12b-hiding-deadly-unintended-acceleration/story?id=22972214
https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/opa/legacy/2014/03/19/toyota-def-pros-agr.pdf
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors_ignition_switch_recalls
- https://safeautonomy.blogspot.com/2022/01/comments-on-pa-sb-965-regulating.html
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captain_Phillips_(film)
- https://www.ul.com/about/history
- https://www.iihs.org/about-us
-
https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/812979
- https://policyscout.com/auto-insurance/learn/motorcycle-insurance-vs-car-insurance
- --
- https://www.iihs.org/topics/advanced-driver-assistance/autonomous-vehicle-laws
- --
- https://www.cnbc.com/2017/03/16/anthony-levandowski-ubers-self-driving-car-engineer-safety-lawsuit.html
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safety_culture
- https://airlines.iata.org/analysis/just-culture-can-improve-safety
- https://youtu.be/5ythLOzQav0
- --
- https://insideevs.com/features/380532/how-to-rebot-tesla-model-3/
- --
- https://www.nytimes.com/1999/07/22/us/gm-admits-brake-flaws-after-inquiry.html
- https://www.theverge.com/tldr/2020/11/3/21547392/ai-camera-operator-football-bald-head-soccer-mistakes
- https://www.entrepreneur.com/slideshow/289621
- https://spectrum.ieee.org/ai-failures
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maslow%27s_hierarchy_of_needs
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- https://www.eetimes.com/autonomous-vehicle-myths-the-dirty-dozen/
- https://ojoyoshidareport.com/u-s-lawyers-perpetuate-regulation-myths-at-the-autonomous-2/
- --
- https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/documents/13069a-ads2.0_090617_v9a_tag.pdf
- https://safeautonomy.blogspot.com/2018/06/a-reality-check-on-94-percent-human.html
- https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/812115
- https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/811059
- https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/Publication/813060
- https://usa.streetsblog.org/2022/01/31/it-aint-94-percent-ntsb-chair-jennifer-homendy-on-the-role-of-human-error-in-car-crashes/
- https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/49/571.138
- --
- https://thehill.com/opinion/technology/394945-how-to-keep-self-driving-cars-safe-when-no-one-is-watching-for-dashboard/
- https://www.sae.org/standards/content/j3018_202012/
- --
- https://www.nhtsa.gov/sites/nhtsa.gov/files/documents/ads_safety_principles_anprm_website_version.pdf
- https://www.nhtsa.gov/laws-regulations/standing-general-order-crash-reporting
- https://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/85R/billtext/pdf/SB02205F.pdf
- https://safeautonomy.blogspot.com/2022/02/kansas-av-regulation-bill-hearings.html
- https://rules.cityofnewyork.us/rule/autonomous-self-driving-vehicles/
- https://www.mass.gov/doc/memorandum-of-agreement-to-test-automated-driving-systems-on-public-ways-in-massachusetts/download
- https://www.cnn.com/2022/02/13/business/tesla-recall-boombox/index.html
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- https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/inv/2021/INOA-PE21020-1893.PDF
- https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/12/business/air-bag-flaw-long-known-led-to-recalls.html
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Treasure_of_the_Sierra_Madre_(film)#John_Huston's_screenplay
- https://www.uniformlaws.org/committees/community-home?communitykey=4e70cf8e-a3f4-4c55-9d27-fb3e2ab241d6
- https://www.uniformlaws.org/HigherLogic/System/DownloadDocumentFile.ashx?DocumentFileKey=feaf72ec-473e-5a78-0621-a5119a10eec4
- https://uclajolt.com/autonomous-vehicle-regulation-trust-the-impact-of-failures-to-comply-with-standards/
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- --
- https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/vehicle-industry-services/autonomous-vehicles/disengagement-reports/
- --
- https://www.nhtsa.gov/laws-regulations/standing-general-order-crash-reporting-levels-driving-automation-2-5
- --
- https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR2150.html
- --
- https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2016/08/11/the-worst-countries-in-the-world-for-drunk-driving-infographic/
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- https://youtu.be/mSC4Fr3wf0k?t=178
- --
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_approval#Automotive_industry
- https://safeautonomy.blogspot.com/p/safe-autonomy.html
- --
- https://transportation.house.gov/imo/media/doc/TI%20Preliminary%20Investigative%20Findings%20Boeing%20737%20MAX%20March%202020.pdf
- https://doi.org/10.2777/035239
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- https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/Publication/813060
- https://injuryfacts.nsc.org/motor-vehicle/overview/preliminary-estimates/
- --
- https://www.iihs.org/topics/fatality-statistics/detail/urban-rural-comparison
- https://www.iihs.org/topics/fatality-statistics/detail/state-by-state#fatal-crash-totals
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics/2019/fi30.cfm
- https://web.archive.org/web/20210707072124/https://www.iihs.org/topics/fatality-statistics/detail/state-by-state
- https://aaafoundation.org/rates-motor-vehicle-crashes-injuries-deaths-relation-driver-age-united-states-2014-2015/
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- --
- https://morningconsult.com/2021/09/02/autonomous-vehicles-safety-consumer-interest-polling/
- https://player.fm/series/no-parking-podcast/building-trust-and-reliability-in-autonomous-vehicles-with-dr-phillip-koopman
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022437518304511
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm_aversion
- --
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0968090X21000942
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk#Dread_risk
- https://data.ntsb.gov/Docket?ProjectID=96894
- --
- https://uclajolt.com/autonomous-vehicle-regulation-trust-the-impact-of-failures-to-comply-with-standards/
- --
- https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/lectures/ece649/19_dependability.pdf
- --
- https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR2150.html
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factor_of_safety
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derating
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-version_programming
- --
- --
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodhart%27s_law
- https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/lectures/index.html#podcasts
- https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR2662.html
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_bridges_of_Pittsburgh
- https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/vehicle-industry-services/autonomous-vehicles/disengagement-reports/
- --
- https://www.theverge.com/2020/2/26/21142685/california-dmv-self-driving-car-disengagement-report-data
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- --
- https://www.theverge.com/2022/8/4/23288794/tusimple-self-driving-truck-crash-investigation
- https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/98951-here-s-a-phrase-that-apparently-the-airlines-simply-made-up
- --
- --
- --
- https://betterembsw.blogspot.com/2014/09/go-beyond-system-functional-testing-to.html
- --
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_models_are_wrong
- --
- https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.02403
- https://www.mobileye.com/technology/responsibility-sensitive-safety/
- https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/self-driving-cars/safety-force-field/
- https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.09999
- https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/2846/10831/
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_laws_of_motion
- https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.01207
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- https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01207152/document
- --
- --
- https://www.pegasusprojekt.de/en/pegasus-method
- https://www.asam.net/standards/detail/openscenario/
- --
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receiver_operating_characteristic
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confusion_matrix
- --
- https://www.theverge.com/2018/11/22/18107885/china-facial-recognition-mistaken-jaywalker
- https://www.hotcars.com/20-weirdest-things-people-painted-on-roads-to-slow-down-speeding-cars/
- https://www.dispatch.com/story/news/2018/09/04/road-gator-can-bite/10845128007/
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- --
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_permanence
- https://calvinandhobbes.fandom.com/wiki/Transmogrifier
- --
- https://www.wesa.fm/development-transportation/2020-07-28/how-the-pittsburgh-left-became-embedded-in-city-driving
- https://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/tandem/TR-96.1.pdf
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- https://www.autoevolution.com/news/tesla-safety-score-beta-shows-its-impact-and-raises-doubts-a-few-hours-after-release-170309.html
- https://xkcd.com/552
- https://www.icao.int/nacc/documents/meetings/2014/sspsmsant/annex19.pdf
- --
- https://edmonton.ctvnews.ca/it-sounded-like-a-sonic-boom-couple-describes-lightning-strike-while-on-highway-1.1855556
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- https://www.sae.org/standards/content/avsc00006202103/
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- --
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalization_of_deviance
- https://www.dstan.mod.uk/StanMIS/
- https://scsc.uk/gsn
- https://youtu.be/iDLSNsIzDHo
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- --
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chewbacca_defense
- --
- https://scsc.uk/scsc-141C
- https://www.omg.org/spec/SACM/
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- --
- https://www4.icao.int/demo/SMI/9.5.4%20SM%20ICG%20Measuring%20Safety%20Performance%20Guidance%20for%20Service%20Providers.pdf
- https://safeautonomy.blogspot.com/2021/06/a-more-precise-definition-of-ansiul.html
- --
- https://youtu.be/1hWYd2vizSQ
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance_indicator
- --
- --
- https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/390016.808467
- --
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falsifiability
- --
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abductive_reasoning
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defeasible_reasoning
- https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272678149_Eliminative_Argumentation_A_Basis_for_Arguing_Confidence_in_System_Properties
- https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/reasoning-defeasible/
- http://sunnyday.mit.edu/safer-world/safety-case.doc
- https://scsc.uk/r159:1
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- https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.11097.pdf
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_quality_assurance
- https://www.misra.org.uk/misra-c/
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- https://www4.icao.int/demo/SMI/9.5.4%20SM%20ICG%20Measuring%20Safety%20Performance%20Guidance%20for%20Service%20Providers.pdf
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- https://youtu.be/_wxlgbl4s-g
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- https://betterembsw.blogspot.com/2014/05/proper-watchdog-timer-use.html
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- https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=car+sliding+hill+ice
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_temporal_logic
- https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/pubs/kane15_monitoring.pdf
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronization_(computer_science)
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clock_synchronization
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/video/the-time-triggered-architecture/
- https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/pubs/kane14_dsn_cpsmonitor.pdf
https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/thesis/kane.pdf
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_cause_analysis#General_principles
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- https://l7.curtisnorthcutt.com/label-errors
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_whys
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Why%E2%80%93because_analysis
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_cause_analysis
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bootstrapping
- https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.10718
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- https://reliabilityanalyticstoolkit.appspot.com/mtbf_test_calculator
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normalization_of_deviance
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Black_Swan:_The_Impact_of_the_Highly_Improbable
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_roulette
- https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=1%2F%28%281-%281%2F6%29%29**100%29
- https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=%281-%281%2F60%29%29**100
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayesian_probability
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- https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/thesis/hutchison.pdf
- https://youtu.be/g9wOyuiPuBI
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HSxSgbNQi-g
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinsurance
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probabilistic_risk_assessment
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fukushima_nuclear_disaster
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alea_iacta_est
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncertainty_quantification
- https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dice_by_number_of_sides
- https://www.npr.org/2021/06/09/1004684932/fastly-tuesday-internet-outage-down-was-caused-by-one-customer-changing-setting
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turtles_all_the_way_down
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Change_impact_analysis
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configuration_management
https://www.sae.org/standards/content/eia649c
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- https://www.ntsb.gov/Advocacy/safety-topics/Pages/automated-vehicles-investigative-outcomes.aspx
- https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/pubs/koopman19_TestingSafetyCase_SAEWCX.pdf
- https://www.eetimes.com/busting-myths-of-driver-monitoring-systems/
https://www.embedded.com/automotive-focus-shifts-to-driver-monitoring-systems/
- https://www.sae.org/standards/content/j3018_202012/
https://www.sae.org/standards/content/avsc00001201911/
- https://www.sae.org/standards/content/avsc00007202107/
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- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0cT5cXuyiYY
- https://www.postindependent.com/news/local/the-goof-behind-losing-911-service-in-mays-big-outage/
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- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kill_switch
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- https://www.wsj.com/articles/self-driving-truck-accident-draws-attention-to-safety-at-tusimple-11659346202
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- https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/HAB1906.pdf
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- https://www.edmunds.com/car-news/the-wrong-thing-at-the-wrong-time-tesla-full-self-driving-disclaimer.html
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- https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3931341
- https://techcrunch.com/2022/06/30/cruise-robotaxis-blocked-traffic-for-hours-on-this-san-francisco-street/
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- https://www.smbc-comics.com/comic/self-driving-car-ethics
- https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9622307
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trolley_problem#Original_dilemma
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- https://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/EN/publications/report-ethics-commission.html
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- https://www.theverge.com/2022/8/20/23314117/youtube-tesla-removes-video-full-self-driving-beta-real-kids
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- https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2757236
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- https://users.ece.cmu.edu/~koopman/pubs/koopman18_safecomp.pdf
- https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26073797
- https://www.wired.com/story/uber-self-driving-car-fatal-crash/
- https://www.npr.org/2022/01/18/1073857310/tesla-autopilot-crash-charges
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- https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3969214
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- https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/no+harm%2c+no+foul
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- https://onlineethics.org/cases/telecon-meeting
- https://usa.streetsblog.org/2022/04/07/road-deaths-rise-again-as-post-pandemic-period-proves-particularly-perilous-to-pedestrians/
- https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/inv/2021/INOA-PE21020-1893.PDF
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Can't_Drive_55
- https://usa.streetsblog.org/2017/07/27/ntsb-speed-kills-and-were-not-doing-enough-to-stop-it/
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- https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/rcl/2022/RCLRPT-22V037-4462.PDF
- https://www.jurist.org/commentary/2021/09/william-widen-philip-koopman-autonomous-vehicles/
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whataboutism
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whac-A-Mole
- https://www.npr.org/2022/02/01/1077274384/tesla-recalls-autos-over-software-that-allows-them-to-roll-through-stop-signs
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogGBwrrkKY4
- https://www.insideedition.com/how-drive-through-fire-48422
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- https://www.thedrive.com/news/39184/americas-rarest-drivers-license-lets-14-year-olds-hit-the-road-legally
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- https://guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/most-people-crammed-into-an-old-vw-beetle/
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- https://www.motortrend.com/reviews/2022-rivian-r1t-secret-software-mode-yearlong-review/
- https://darwinawards.com/darwin/
- https://www.transportation.gov/office-policy/transportation-policy/revised-departmental-guidance-on-valuation-of-a-statistical-life-in-economic-analysis
- https://carbuzz.com/news/gm-loses-a-staggering-5-5-million-per-day-on-robotaxis
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- https://sma.nasa.gov/docs/default-source/safety-messages/safetymessage-2008-10-01-lossofpetrobrasp36-vits.pdf
- https://safeautonomy.blogspot.com/2022/02/kansas-av-regulation-bill-hearings.html
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- https://insurance.kansas.gov/auto-insurance/
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- https://qz.com/798092/a-self-driving-uber-car-went-the-wrong-way-on-a-one-way-street-in-pittsburgh/
- https://usa.streetsblog.org/2014/12/19/heres-how-much-safer-transit-is-compared-to-driving/
- https://usa.streetsblog.org/2020/03/02/the-broken-promises-of-the-ride-share-revolution/
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- https://www.nsc.org/road/future-of-mobility
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- https://www.nhtsa.gov/document/automated-driving-systems-20-voluntary-guidance
- https://safeautonomy.blogspot.com/2022/02/five-principles-for-regulation-of.html
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- https://www.transportation.gov/office-policy/transportation-policy/revised-departmental-guidance-on-valuation-of-a-statistical-life-in-economic-analysis
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- https://ethicsinaction.ieee.org/p7000/
- https://www.lawcom.gov.uk/project/automated-vehicles/
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https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai
- https://www.whitehouse.gov/environmentaljustice/justice40/
- https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/F._E._Smith,_1st_Earl_of_Birkenhead
Last updated: 25 August 2022